The last chapter of the book draws together the evidence of on the three main groups of actors in the university spin-off process: academics, USOs and universities, to explore the interdependencies between USOs and the region. Their actions take place in the context of public policy (national and international policies) and the university’s home region. The book has highlighted differing goals and missions ascribed to various stakeholders, academics, TTOs and the university managers, all of which influence the process and outcomes of the academic spin-off process within regions.
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