This chapter contributes to the identification of the legal challenges involved in the adaptation of biodiversity, and of biodiversity law, to climate change, and of suitable ways to address these challenges. In doing so, the chapter focuses primarily, albeit not exclusively, on international legal instruments. The chapter first introduces the various impacts of climate change on species and ecosystems, as well as the biodiversity adaptation measures commonly recommended in the scientific literature. It provides an overall analysis of the role of biodiversity law in this regard. In addition, it presents an in-depth analysis of one type of action which is universally regarded as crucial to a successful adaptation of biodiversity to climate change, namely the maintenance and restoration of adequate connectivity in order to allow organisms to disperse naturally through landscapes in pursuit of suitable climatic conditions.
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