Chapter 3: Absolute and relative income poverty measurement: a survey
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This chapter reviews the debate opposing the absolute and relative approaches to income poverty measurement and introduces a proposal combining both approaches into a single “overall” income poverty measure. After presenting the most salient proposals of hybrid poverty lines, the chapter justifies with reasons why specific poverty indices may be required when a hybrid line is used and describes the class of hierarchical indices. With all these conceptual developments, these overall income poverty measures are available for immediate application in a variety of contexts.

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