Chapter 4 outlines the practice of talking and listening as another crucial ethnographic practice. These activities can take a form of an interview with a diverse degree of formality and structure. Interviews in ethnography are a kind of conversation where one side (the researcher) talks less and listens more, and the other (the interviewee) talks more but may also be inclined to listen. It is reciprocal. Ethnographic interviews are less complicated to prepare than quantitative questionnaires: they do not need highly formalized tools or design. However, listening is difficult, as ethnographers know it very well. We share some of our experiences and ideas that can be helpful for the ethnographer-novice.

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