This chapter explores the role of network analysis in international relations. We start by exploring past uses of network analysis to answer questions of importance to IR scholars. In particular, we discuss how network approaches can help bring together multiple levels of analysis and better capture interdependence between international actors. We then discuss a few specific areas where network theories have proven useful: identifying important actors and exploring indirect effects through network and community structure. Next, the chapter introduces the unique qualities of network data as well as some limitations and challenges of using network data. Finally, we discuss inferential network techniques including exponential random graph models, additive and multiplicative effects models, and stochastic actor-oriented models. Throughout, we cite both relevant substantive applications as well as methodological papers for further reading and future reference.
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