Contingency theory is one of the main theoretical lenses used to study organizations and organization design and has also been the theoretical foundation for a substantial body of empirical research on variety of topics. The basic argument of contingency theory is that the relationship between two variables is impacted by a third variable. Contingency theory was introduced in the 1960s to facilitate solving some of the problems of the bureaucratic theory and the best practice view to management, dominating academic conversations on organization design over the 1960s and 1970s. It still continues to be both the focus of research as well as the theoretical basis of empirical research in different disciplinary areas, including OSCM.
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