Chapter 11: The bright future of ecosystem economies: explainable and reliable artificial intelligence via software-hardware interoperability
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Based on Innovation Helix Framework Theory (Etzkowitz, Leydesdorff, 1995) this chapter examines the most significant challenges and limitations regarding Software-Hardware-Interoperability and its probably most valuable outcome - an explainable and reliable Artificial Intelligence. The perception of knowledge and know-how (data), once being created is in steady transformation while circulating as inputs and outputs through different sectors (Quintuple Innovation Helix Framework by Elias G. Carayannis and David F.J. Campbell, 2010 - et mult) sets the academic foundation for analyzing interoperability and digital interaction. The exchange, interaction and transformation of information (output to input to output) is exactly how interoperable Software-Hardware Systems process data to produce explainable and reliable Artificial Intelligence. In reference to an academic concept which significantly influenced innovation economics as well as innovation policies over the last decade, it is worth considering to applying the Innovation Helix Framework to digital ecosystems.

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