Chapter 12: How to explain gender differences in self-employment ratios: towards a socioeconomic approach
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Business ownership and self-employment are increasing dramatically among women, raising the question of motives behind this development. Is it driven by necessity, or does it reflect new modes of labour market integration and a strategy for women to achieve a better work–life balance? Combining conceptual thoughts with the exploitation of German Microcensus data over the period 1989–2009, Dieter Bögenhold and Uwe Fachinger explore the possible influence of personal, household and labour market characteristics in a family context on the probability of being self-employed. The labour market integration of women through self-employment appears highly contextual, with the occurrence of multiple factors related to the family life.

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