The chapter discusses the historical evolution of work, culminating in today’s introduction and use of information technology in manufacturing. It discusses the corollary changes in the work environment such as lean production, 24-hour economy, re-engineering, and flexible production. All these changes have posed challenges in the emerging nature of hazards and risks found at work, and have a profound implication on the occupational health and safety of the worker. The chapter refers to research abroad, and then in more detail, selected studies conducted by the author in the Philippines on the nature of work and hazards in the new workplace. Then it ends by pointing to several strategies and interventions that can be undertaken both at the national and firm levels in order to establish a culture and climate of safety backed up by national legislation and actual programs on the shop floor.
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