Trade economists have investigated the international trade between countries but not the transportation service provided for the trade between countries. The latter, however, can be investigated by using UNCTAD’s data on seaborne trade, i.e., merchandise international trade that is transported by ship from a seaport in country A to a seaport in country B. The world’s tonnage of seaborne trade is equivalent to 80 percent of the world’s tonnage of merchandise international trade. In addition to transportation service, other logistics services provided for seaborne trade include commercial documentation, document transmission, global trade management system submission, partner government agency adherence service and free trade agreement adherence service.
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