This chapter surveys the governance of migration in Europe and efforts to deal with the fragmentation that is an inherent feature of a policy field that includes very different types of migration as well as differing institutional contexts for the management of migration in European countries. To assess the causes and effects of fragmentation, the chapter asks three questions. First, how can the relationship between migration and governance be conceptualized? Second, how can governance be defined and this definition applied to European migration governance? Third, what is the relationship between the post-2012 migration/refugee crisis and European migration governance? To address these questions, the chapter pays close attention to the understandings of migration held by élite actors within European migration governance systems. It is argued that these understandings – and the factors that influence them – can act as powerful drivers of migration governance in Europe.
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