With the National Policy on Climate Change (NPCC) having taken effect in 2009, this chapter aims to assess how the Brazilian judiciary has positioned itself when faced with the unimpressive goals adopted by Brazil to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, and safeguarding the environmental balance of the Amazon and Cerrado biomes as a result. Through the deductive approach methodology, the main aspects of both biomes are first examined. Thereafter, the NPCC is analysed with special focus on the results obtained thus far by the Action Plan for Deforestation Prevention and Control in the Legal Amazon (PPCDAm) and the Action Plan for Deforestation and Fire Prevention and Control in the Cerrado (PPCerrado). Finally, having demonstrated that the goals adopted are not based on genuine efforts by Brazil, the judicial handling of the subject is evaluated, indicating the sensitivity of the Brazilian judiciary to the environmental cause.
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