This chapter discusses self-employment within the context of increasing labour market flexibility and compares self-employment with other forms of flexibility in terms of (dis)advantages, attractiveness for different groups of individuals and the risk of precariousness. With the changing nature of self-employment it has become attractive for other types of individuals. So far, female participation in self-employment is lower than male participation. Forced self-employment may contribute to the risk of precariousness. Low participation in maintenance of and the investment in new human capital may constitute a risk for future precariousness among self-employed.
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