Europeanization and agencification of public administration and enforcement of EU law pose fundamental challenges to conventional control mechanisms such as the protection of fundamental rights. This chapter, after introducing concepts and functions of fundamental rights, attempts to rethink and restructure this control mechanism in the context of multi-level administration. It pays particular attention to the positive obligations that fundamental rights entail. They require that the competent EU bodies refit structures and doctrines of fundamental rights protection to preserve their protective functions within this novel administrative environment. Finally, interrelations between fundamental rights protection and other control mechanisms are analysed in order to identify possible overlaps, tensions or interdependencies.
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