Drawing on fifteen years of international research employing mutiple methods, this chapter begins by explaining who provides care in Canada, Norway and Sweden, highlighting similarities and differences among countries in the training and organization of the nursing home labour force. After considering how race and gender shape the conditions of work and analyzing the kinds of conditions, such as staffing levels and health risks, that are experienced by the nursing home labour force in these three countries, the chapter moves on to describe the strategies introduced by each of these countries to address the Covid crisis. Informed by these more recent strategies, the chapter concludes by setting out the supportive working conditions that could transform nursing homes.