The Introduction provides an overview of the theory and practice of feminist governance, from the non-hierarchical organising of the 1970s to the transnational oversight of ‘gender mainstreaming’ today. We highlight the importance of regional innovation to the evolution of feminist governance as well as the contribution of feminist scholarship to the conceptual analysis and evidence base on which practitioners have drawn. We introduce long-standing debates over cooption and compromise, most recently in the context of both neoliberalism and the challenge of radical right populism