Abstract

Anti-Catholicism in early modern England (from 1558 to 1658) bears an alarming similarity to twenty-first-century American Islamophobia. From suggestions of an Islamic registry to tales of secret Jihadist cults operating in Florida, the paranoid anti-Islamic rhetoric of post-2001 populist America has some disturbing parallels to the one hundred years of virulent anti-Catholicism that transformed Shakespeare’s England following the death of Queen Mary. This chapter will examine the historical context surrounding anti-Catholic rhetoric and persecution in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England leading up to the Civil War, suggesting that modern Western leadership needs to take into consideration the toxic historical ramifications of such a campaign.